About Book

Information Systems is an academic study of systems with a specific reference to information and the complementary networks of hardware and software that people and organizations use to collect, filter, process, create and also distribute data. An emphasis is placed on an information system having a definitive boundary, users, processors, storage, inputs, outputs and the aforementioned communication networks. Information systems inter-relate with data systems on the one hand and activity systems on the other. It is a form of communication system in which data represent and are processed as a form of social memory. An information system can also be considered a semi-formal language which supports human decision making and action. The main components of information systems are computer hardware and software, telecommunications, databases and data warehouses, human resources, and procedures. This book aims to present a number of innovative and recently developed information systems. It provides comprehensive insights into the field of information systems. It deals with bio-information systems, risks of knowledge leakage, integrated solutions, agent-based information systems, architectural models, socio-technical aspects and interactive information systems. It elucidates the concept and innovative models around prospective developments with respect to this field. This book attempts to understand the multiple branches under their discipline and how such concepts have practical applications. It aims to serve as a resource guide to students and experts alike and contribute to the growth of information systems.

Preface ..................................................................................................................... v

1. Analysis of Interactive Information Systems Using Goals 1

1. Introduction ................................................................................................... 1

2. Requirements phase ...................................................................................... 5

3. Analysis phase and effort estimation ....................................................... 13

4. Case study .................................................................................................... 22

5. Conclusions .................................................................................................. 29

2. Globalization and Socio-Technical Aspects of Information

Systems Development ....................................................................................... 32

1. Introduction ................................................................................................. 32

2. Global software development ................................................................... 33

3. Socio-technical view ................................................................................... 35

4. Socio-technical aspects in GSD .................................................................. 36

5. Example ......................................................................................................... 54

6. Final considerations .................................................................................... 56

3. Health Care Information Systems: Architectural Models and

Governance .......................................................................................................... 63

1. Introduction ................................................................................................. 63

2. Health care information systems: definition and peculiarities ........... 66

3. Architectural models for health care information systems ................ 68

4. Governance of health care information systems .................................... 82

5. Future trends in health care information systems ................................ 87

4. Patterns for Agent-Based Information Systems:

A Case Study in Transport ................................................................................. 98

1. Introduction ................................................................................................. 98

2. The concept of pattern ................................................................................ 99

3. Categories of patterns dedicated to agent-based information

system engineering.................................................................................... 100

4. Patterns for engineering agent-based information systems .............. 104

5. A case study ................................................................................................ 114

6. Related work .............................................................................................. 119

7. Conclusion .................................................................................................. 121

5. Information Systems: From the Requirements to the Integrated

Solution ............................................................................................................... 125

1. Introduction ............................................................................................... 125

2. Conceptual data model ............................................................................. 128

3. Integrity verification or consistency ...................................................... 130

4. Processing model ....................................................................................... 132

5. Examples ..................................................................................................... 135

6. Conclusions ................................................................................................ 140

6. Challenges in Building Trusted Information Systems .............................. 144

1. Introduction ............................................................................................... 144

2. Globalization .............................................................................................. 145

3. Information systems ................................................................................. 146

4. Trust & risk ................................................................................................. 146

5. Research areas ............................................................................................ 150

6. Conclusion .................................................................................................. 169

7. Exploring the Risks of Knowledge Leakage: An Information Systems

Case Study Approach ....................................................................................... 173

1. Introduction ............................................................................................... 173

2. Organisational knowledge management (KM) ..................................... 175

3. KM and risk management thinking ........................................................ 176

4. The company .............................................................................................. 177

5. Research methodology .............................................................................. 178

6. Presentation and discussion of the findings ......................................... 184

7. Conclusions ................................................................................................ 191

8. Knowledge Management in Bio-Information Systems ............................. 196

1. Introduction ............................................................................................... 196

2. Contributions ............................................................................................. 197

3. Background for data, information, know-ledge, and wisdom ........... 197

4. Theoretical foundation of computer reason-ing ................................... 201

5. Bayes’ reasoning ......................................................................................... 203

6. The evidence theory of computer reasoning ......................................... 210

7. Knowledge management in bio-information system architecture ... 220

8. Conclusion .................................................................................................. 230

9. Acknowledgement ..................................................................................... 230

Citation ................................................................................................................ 233

Index .................................................................................................................... 235

About Author

Rosanna Coffey obtained her Ph.D. in Computer Science from IT University, Melbourne. She is a Guest Lecturer in Computer Engineering at European University, Skopje. Her research interests include big data, business intelligence and predictive analytics, data and information science, information retrieval, XML, web services and service-oriented architectures and relational and NoSQL database systems. She has contributed over 40 journals, articles and conference papers and also serves as a journal and conference reviewer.